has a wider range of meaning in the NT than in the OT. Its uses in the NT may be analyzed as follows:
"(a) "the substance of the body," whether of beasts or of men, 1Co 15:39; (b) "the human body," 2Co 10:3, Gal 2:20, Phi 1:22; (c) by synecdoche, of "mankind," in the totality of all that is essential to manhood, i.e., spirit, soul, and body, Mat 24:22, Joh 1:13, Rom 3:20; (d) by synecdoche, of "the holy humanity" of the Lord Jesus, in the totality of all that is essential to manhood, i.e., spirit, soul, and body, Joh 1:14, 1Ti 3:16, 1Jo 4:2, 2Jo 1:7; in Heb 5:7, "the days of His flesh," i.e., His past life on earth in distinction from His present life in resurrection; (e) by synecdoche, for "the complete person," Joh 1:6-57, 2Co 7:5, Jam 5:3; (f) "the weaker element in human nature," Mat 26:41, Rom 6:19, Rom 8:3; (g) "the unregenerate state of men," Rom 7:5, Rom 1:8-9; (h) "the seat of sin in man" (but this is not the same thing as in the body), 2Pe 2:18, 1Jo 2:16; (i) "the lower and temporary element in the Christian," Gal 3:3, Gal 6:8, and in religious ordinances, Heb 9:10; (j) "the natural attainments of men," 1Co 1:26, 2Co 1:10-3; (k) "circumstances," 1Co 7:28; the externals of life, 2Co 7:1, Eph 6:5, Heb 9:13; (l) by metonymy, "the outward and seeming," as contrasted with the spirit, the inward and real, Joh 6:63, 2Co 5:16; (m) "natural relationship, consanguine," 1Co 10:18, Gal 4:23, or marital, Mat 19:5." * [* From Notes on Galatians, by Hogg and Vine, pp. 111,112.]
In Mat 26:41, Rom 8:4, Rom 8:13, 1Co 5:5, Gal 6:8 (not the Holy Spirit, here), "flesh" is contrasted with spirit; in Rom 1:2-29, with heart and spirit; in Rom 7:25, with the mind; cp. Col 2:1, Col 2:5. It is coupled with the mind in Eph 2:3, and with the spirit in 2Co 7:1.
Note: In Col 2:18 the noun sarx is used in the phrase "(by his) fleshly mind," lit., "by the mind of his flesh" [see (h) above], whereas the mind ought to be dominated by the Spirit.
<2,,2907, kreas>
denotes "flesh" in the sense of meat. It is used in the plural in Rom 14:21, 1Co 8:13.
