Torture (Verb) <1,,5178, tumpanizo>
primarily denotes "to beat a drum" (tumpanon, "a kettledrum," Eng., "tympanal," "tympanitis," "tympanum"), hence, "to torture by beating, to beat to death," Heb 11:35. In the Sept., 1Sa 21:13, "(David) drummed (upon the doors of the city)." The tympanum as an instrument of "torture" seems to have been a wheel-shaped frame upon which criminals were stretched and beaten with clubs or thongs.
