Lexicon :: Strong's H224 - 'ûrîm

אוּרִים noun masculine Urim (plural intensive, mostly with article the Urim, and mostly joined with תֻּמִּים which see) תֻּמֶּיךָ וְאוּרֶיךָ לְאִישׁ הֲסִידֶךָ Deuteronomy 33:8 thy Thummim and thy Urim has the man of thy favour, i.e. the Levite tested at Massah & Meribah; הָאוּרִים וְהִתֻּמִּים were put into the הַמִּשְׁפָּט חשֶׁן of the high priest Exodus 28:30; Leviticus 8:8 (P); this חשֶׁן (which see H2833) was a little bag or pouch worn on breast of high, priest, to hold the Urim & Thummim; the name הַמִּשְׁפָּט ח׳ was given because of decisions made by that which was within it; thus, Eleazar was to inquire of י׳ for Joshua הָאוּרִים בְּמִשְׁפַּט Numbers 27:21 (P); Saul prayed הָבָה אוּרִים opposed to הבה תֻּמִּים, 1 Samuel 14:41 , so We Dr (MT omits former, and reads תָּמִים in latter); י׳ did not answer Saul בָּאוּרִים or by dreams or prophets 1 Samuel 28:6; post-exilic Jews reserved difficult questions until there stood up a priest לְאוּרִים וּלְתֻמִּים Ezra 2:63; Nehemiah 7:65 (here alone without article) These passages give little information; δήλωσις καὶ ἀλήθεια, doctrina et veritas, Symm φωτισμοὶ καὶ τελεώτητες; Jos^{Ant. iii. 8}. 9 thinks of the twelve gems of face of bag as giving decision by shining; Philo^{Vit. Mos. iii} thinks of two small images (א׳ & ת׳), probably embroidered in the cloth of the bag, like oracle-images of Egypt (Diod^{1,48, 75} Aelian^{Var. Hist.14, 34}); Ew^{Geschichte iii, 309; Antiq. 295}, of two stones of different colours for sacred lot, on this see Dr 1 Samuel 14:41 where אוּרִים & תֻּמִּים as object of give, δος = הָבָה; compare הִפִּילוּ 1 Samuel 14:42, וַיִלָּכֵד 1 Samuel 14:41 (used of taking by lot 1 Samuel 10:20; Isaiah 7:14, 16); see also We & RS^{OTJC Lect x. N 4}; Bähr^Symbolik, of one thing within bag, a sacred pledge to high priest of the enlightenment & perfection he would receive from י׳ when called to make sacred decisions; Ka^{Ex 544} sees the sacred pledge in the twelve sacred gems themselves, that stimulate priest to self-sacrifice & perfect sanctification.

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BLB Scripture Index of Brown-Driver-Briggs

Exodus

28:30

Leviticus

8:8

Numbers

27:21

Deuteronomy

33:8

1 Samuel

10:20; 14:41; 14:41; 14:41; 14:42; 28:6

Ezra

2:63

Nehemiah

7:65

Isaiah

7:14; 7:16