Lexicon :: Strong's H3381 - yāraḏ

יָרַד

Transliteration

yāraḏ

Pronunciation

yaw-rad'

Part of Speech

verb

Root Word (Etymology)

A primitive root

Dictionary Aids

TWOT Reference: 909

Strong's Info

Strong’s Definitions

יָרַד yârad, yaw-rad'; a primitive root; to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively, to bring down (in all the above applications):—× abundantly, bring down, carry down, cast down, (cause to) come(-ing) down, fall (down), get down, go(-ing) down(-ward), hang down, × indeed, let down, light (down), put down (off), (cause to, let) run down, sink, subdue, take down.

KJV Translation Count — Total: 380x

The KJV translates Strong's H3381 in the following manner: (come, go, etc) down (340x), descend (18x), variant (2x), fell (2x), let (1x), abundantly (1x), down by (1x), indeed (1x), put off (1x), light off (1x), out (1x), sank (1x), subdued (1x), take (1x).

KJV Translation Count — Total: 380x

Outline of Biblical Usage [?]

to go down, descend, decline, march down, sink down
1. (Qal)
  1. to go or come down
  2. to sink
  3. to be prostrated
  4. to come down (of revelation)
2. (Hiphil)
  1. to bring down
  2. to send down
  3. to take down
  4. to lay prostrate
  5. to let down
3. (Hophal)
  1. to be brought down
  2. to be taken down

Strong’s Definitions [?](Strong’s Definitions Legend)

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon [?] (Jump to Scripture Index)

STRONGS H3381: Abbreviations

יָרַד ₃₈₀ verb come or go down, descend (Late Hebrew id.; MI³² וארד and רד; Assyrian arâdu, Dl^{HWB 240}; Arabic come to, arrive at, also descend; Ethiopic descend; Sabean ורד and הורד id., DHM in MV) —
Qal₃₀₆ Perfect יָרַד Exodus 19:18 +; יְרַד Judges 5:13 (twice in verse) (but read יָרַד or יֵרֵד); רַד Judges 19:11 (read יָרַד), etc.; Imperfect יֵרֵד Genesis 42:38 +; וַיֵּ֫רֶד Genesis 11:5 +; וַיֵּרַ֑ד 2 Samuel 22:10 + 2 times; 3rd person feminine singular תֵּ֫רֶד (אֵשׁ) 2 Kings 1:10, 12; תּרַד Jeremiah 13:17; Lamentations 3:48; תֵּדֵֿ֔ Isaiah 34:5; Isaiah 63:14; תֵּרֵ֑ד Ezekiel 26:11 (יוֺרִיד Vrss Co); וַתֵּ֫רֶד Genesis 24:16 + 7 times; 2nd person masculine singular תֵּרֵד Genesis 26:2 + 5 times + 1 Samuel 20:19, where read תִּפָּקֵד We Dr., compare ; 1st person singular אֵרֵד Genesis 37:35 + 3 times; וָאֵרֵד Exodus 3:8 + 3 times; cohortative אֵרְדָהנָֿא Genesis 18:21; יֵרְדוּ 1 Samuel 13:12 + 4 times; וַיֵּרְדוּ Genesis 42:3 + 19 times; 3rd person feminine plural תֵּרַדְנָה Jeremiah 14:17 + 2 times; 1st person plural נֵרֵד Genesis 43:5; cohortative נֵרְדָה Genesis 11:7 + 2 times; וַנֵּ֫רֶד 2 Kings 10:13; Imperative רֵד Exodus 19:21 +; רְדָה Genesis 45:9; Ezekiel 32:19; רֵ֑דָה 2 Kings 1:9, 11; feminine singular רְדִי Jeremiah 48:18; Isaiah 47:1; masculine plural רְדוּ Genesis 42:2 + 5 times; Infinitive absolute יָרֹד Genesis 43:20; construct רֶ֫דֶת Genesis 44:26 +; (מֵ)רְדָה Genesis 46:3 (see Kö^{i. 402}); suffix רִדְתִּי Psalm 30:10, etc. (in Psalm 30:4 read Kt מִיּוֺרְדֵי, so Che Bae, see Ol^{§§ 160 b, 245d}); Participle יוֺרֵד Judges 9:36 +; feminine singular יֹרְדָה Lamentations 1:16; (הַ)יֹּרֶ֫דֶת Ecclesiastes 3:21; 1 Samuel 25:30, etc.; —

a. come or go down: from (מִן) a mountain Exodus 19:14; Exodus 32:1, 15 (all E), Exodus 34:29 (twice in verse) (JE), Deuteronomy 9:15; Deuteronomy 10:5; Numbers 20:28 (P) +; absolute Exodus 19:21, 24 (J), Exodus 19:25 (J; with אֶל person); from the air, of birds, followed by עַל Genesis 15:11 (JE).

b. go down (usually from mountain or hill-country into plain), to battle, absolute Judges 5:14; followed by לָעֵמֶק Judges 1:34; followed by לַשְּׁעָרִים Judges 5:11; followed by אֶל Judges 5:10; Judges 5:11, compare 1 Samuel 17:8 (followed by אֶל person); followed by לִקְרַאת Judges 7:24; followed by אַחֲרֵי person 1 Samuel 14:36; followed by ב location Judges 7:9; וְנִסְפָּה יֵרֵד בַמִּלְחָמָה 1 Samuel 26:10, compare 1 Samuel 29:4; 1 Samuel 30:24; of single combat, וַיַּרֶד אֵלָיו בַּשָּׁ֑בֶט 2 Samuel 23:21 = 1 Chronicles 11:23.

c. go down to (accusative) threshing-floor, Ruth 3:3, 5; (from David's palace) to Uriah's house (אֶל) 2 Samuel 11:9, 10 (twice in verse); 2 Samuel 11:13; from temple to (accusative) king's house Jeremiah 36:12 (+ עַללִֿשְׁכַּת הַסֹּפֵר); רֵד בֵּיתמֶֿלֶךְ יְהוּדָח Jeremiah 22:1, etc.

d. go down (absolute) from Palestine to Egypt Genesis 42:3 (E), Genesis 42:38 (J) + 6 times JE; † followed by אֵלַי Genesis 45:9 (E); † followed by מִעְרַ֫יְמָה Genesis 46:3, 4 (E), Genesis 12:10; Genesis 26:2 (both J), Numbers 20:15 (JE); followed by מִצְרֵיִם Joshua 24:4 (E), Genesis 43:15 (J), Isaiah 30:2; Isaiah 31:1; Isaiah 52:4; followed by שָׁמָּה Genesis 42:2 (E)†; so to Philistine cities Judges 14:19; Judges 16:31; 1 Samuel 13:20; Amos 6:2.

e. from Jerusalem, absolute Judges 1:9; 1 Kings 1:25; Nehemiah 6:3; 2 Chronicles 20:16 (to battle); to Jezreel 2 Kings 8:21 = 2 Kings 9:26 = 2 Chronicles 22:6; to Samaria 1 Kings 22:2 = 2 Chronicles 18:2; (to Gihon) 1 Kings 1:38, etc.

†f. from altar ירד מֵעֲשׂוֺת הַחַטָּאת Leviticus 9:22 (P); from chariot, with מֵעַל Judges 4:15; from ass, with מֵעַל 1 Samuel 25:23; from throne, with מֵעַל Ezekiel 26:16, absolute Isaiah 47:1, compare רְדִי מִכָּבוֺד Jeremiah 48:18; from ships, with מִן Ezekiel 27:29; from bed, with מִן 2 Kings 1:4, 6, 16 (all opposed to עלה).

†g. go down הָעַ֫יְנָה Genesis 24:16, 45 (J); followed by לִרְחֹץ עַל הַיְאֹר Exodus 2:5 (E), compare (absolute) 2 Kings 5:14; followed by accusative הַסֶּלַע 1 Samuel 23:25; יוֺרְדֵי הַיָּם Isaiah 42:10; יוֺרְדֵי הַיָּם בָּאֳנִיּוֺת Psalm 107:23; absolute (into pit or well) 2 Samuel 23:30 = 1 Chronicles 11:22, followed by שָׁם (i.e. בְּאֵר) 2 Samuel 17:18. וְיָרַדְתִּי Judges 11:37, read וְרַדְתִּי (√ רוד, wander about), RS in Bla.

†h. = sink, in water בִמְצוֹלוֹת יָֽרְדוּ כְּמוֹ־אָ֑בֶן Exodus 15:5 (song in E); לְקִצְבֵי הָרַים יָרַדְתִּי Jonah 2:7; more generally, opposed to rising, יַעֲלוּ הָרִים יֵָֽרְדוּ בְקָעוֺת Psalm 104:8 mountains rise, valleys sink; יַעֲלוּ שָׁמַיִם יֵרְדוּ תְהוֺמוֺת Psalm 107:26.

i. go down to She'ôl: † followed by שְׁא֫וֺלָה Genesis 37:35 (J; + אֶלבְּֿנִי), Numbers 16:30, 33 (JE), Ezekiel 31:15, 17; followed by שְׁאוֺל Ezekiel 32:27; Psalm 55:16; Job 7:6 (opposed to עלה); בַּדֵּי שְׁאֹל תֵּרַדְנָה Job 17:16; absolute Isaiah 5:14; Ezekiel 32:19 (|| הָשְׁכְּבָה), Ezekiel 32:21; Ezekiel 32:30, Psalm 49:15 (followed by אַחֲרָיו); עֲרֵלִים יָֽרְדוּ Ezekiel 32:24; followed by שַׁחַת Job 33:24, אֶלשַֿׁחַת Psalm 30:10; followed by בּוֺר Psalm 30:4 Qr (Kt יורדי); יוֺרְדֵי אֶלאַֿבְנֵיבֿוֺר Isaiah 14:19†; יוֺרְדֵי בוֺר Psalm 28:1; Ezekiel 26:20 (twice in verse) (|| אֶרֶץ תַּחְתִיּוֺת) + 11 times (see בּוֺר); † יוֺרְדֵי עָפָר Psalm 22:30; יוֺרְדֵי דוּמָה Psalm 115:17 (|| הַמֵּתִים); רַגְלֶיהָ יֹרְדֹת מָ֑וֶת Proverbs 5:5, compare Proverbs 7:27 (|| דַּרְכֵי שְׁאוֺל); note also רוּחַ ֗֗֗ יוֹדֵצַ מִי הַבְּהֵמָה הַיּרֶדֶת הִיא לְמִטָּה לָאָרֶץ Ecclesiastes 3:21 (opposed to הָעֹלָה הִיא לְמָ֑עְלָה; read חֲיֹרדת, הַעֹלָה, with Vrss, see VB).

j. figurative יֹרֵד בַּבֶּ֑כִי Isaiah 15:3 going down (dissolving) in tears (|| יְיֵלֵיל; compare 3c).

†k. = be prostrated, absolute, of horses and riders Haggai 2:22, compare Isaiah 34:7, perhaps also Jeremiah 48:15; Jeremiah 50:27 (+ לַטָּ֑בַח); forest Isaiah 32:19; Zechariah 11:2; city Deuteronomy 20:20; Lamentations 1:9; wall Deuteronomy 28:52; nation תֵּרֵד מַ֫טָּה מָ֑טָּה Deuteronomy 28:43 (opposed to עלה); מַצֵּבוֺת Ezekiel 26:11 + לָאָרֶץ (where Co ויחרדו).

†2. of divine manifestations: descend, of י׳ in theophany [על ההר֑]יָרַד עָלָיו בָּאֵשׁ י׳ Exodus 19:11, 18 (E), Exodus 19:20 (J; אֶלרֿאֹשׁ הָהָר), compare Nehemiah 9:13; צְבָאוֺת לִצְבּאֹ עַלהַֿרצִֿיּוֺן יֵרֵד י׳ Isaiah 31:4; absolute Genesis 11:5, 7; Genesis 18:21; Exodus 3:8 (all J), Numbers 11:17 (JE), 2 Samuel 22:10 = Psalm 18:10 (compare Psalm 144:5), Micah 1:3; Isaiah 63:19; Isaiah 64:2; וַיֵּרֶד בֶּעָנָן י׳ Exodus 34:5; Numbers 11:25, compare Numbers 12:5 (all JE); of pillar of cloud Exodus 33:9 (JE); מִי עָלָהשָֿׁמַיִם וַיֵּרַ֓ד Proverbs 30:4; of angels on סֻלָּם; עֹלִים וְיֹרְדִים בּוֺ Genesis 28:12 (E).

3. of inanimate things:

a. hail with עַל person Exodus 9:19 (J); dew with עַל location Numbers 11:9 (JE), Psalm 133:3; rain (as אָבָק and עָפָר), followed by מִן הַשָּׁמַיִם + על person Deuteronomy 28:24, so in simile of future king יֵרֵד כְּמָטָר עַלגֵּֿז Psalm 72:6; of גְּשֶׁם and שֶׁלֶג, with מִן הַשָּׁמַיִם Isaiah 55:10; manna (with עַל location) Numbers 11:9 (JE); fire from (מִן) heaven 2 Kings 1:10 (twice in verse); 2 Kings 1:12 (twice in verse); 2 Kings 1:14; 2 Chronicles 7:1, absolute 2 Chronicles 7:3.

b. waters, flowing down הַנַּחַל הַיֹּרֵד מִןהָֿהָר Deuteronomy 9:21, compare Joshua 3:13 (followed by מִלְמָ֑עָלָה), Joshua 3:16; followed by עַליַֿם הָעֲרָבָה Joshua 3:16; עַלהָֿעֲרָבָה Ezekiel 47:8; followed by מִן Ezekiel 47:1.

c. tears, פַּלְגֵי־מַיִם עֵינָ֑י יָֽרְדוּ Psalm 119:36, and so Lamentations 3:48; also עֵינִי יֹרְדָה מַיִם Lamentations 1:16, and so Jeremiah 9:17; Jeremiah 13:17; Jeremiah 14:17 (compare also Isaiah 15:3, 1 j).

d. of oil descending upon (על) beard, etc. Psalm 133:2 (twice in verse).

e. of shadow on dial 2 Kings 20:11 = Isaiah 38:8 (twice in verse).

f. of boundary going down (from or to a place) Joshua 16:3 (JE), elsewhere P, Numbers 34:11 (twice in verse); Numbers 34:12; Joshua 15:10; Joshua 16:7; Joshua 17:9; Joshua 18:13, 16.

g. come down, absolute of headdresses, in sign of humiliation Jeremiah 13:18.

h. pride of power Ezekiel 30:6.

i. of calamity מֵאֵת י׳ Micah 1:12; עַלדְֿקְדוֺ חֲמָסוֺ יֵרֵד Psalm 7:17; of sword descending on (על) Edom Isaiah 34:5.

j. figurative of words of talebearer; חַדְרֵי־בָּ֑טֶן יָֽרְדוּ Proverbs 18:8 = Proverbs 26:22. — See also above 1 k.

†Hiph. Perfect 3rd person masculine singular הוֺרִד 2 Kings 16:17; וְהוֺרִיד consecutive Amos 3:11 (We וְהוּרַד); 2nd person masculine singular וְהוֺרַדְתָּ֫ 1 Kings 2:9; 2nd person feminine singular suffix הוֺרַדְתֵּנִי Joshua 2:18 (see Baer^n. and Kö^{i. 412}); הוֺרִידוּ 1 Samuel 6:15; Lamentations 2:10 etc.; Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular וַיּוֺרֶד Judges 7:5 + 5 times (+ 1 Kings 6:32 Klo, who reads וַיֹּרֶד for וַיָּרֶד, see רדד); suffix יוֺרִידֵנִי Obadiah 3; יוֺרִדֵהוּ 1 Samuel 30:16; 1 Kings 17:23; וַיֹּרִדֵם 1 Kings 18:40; 2nd person masculine singular וְלֹא תּוֺרֵד 1 Kings 2:6; suffix (הֲ)תוֺרִדֵנִי 1 Samuel 30:15, תּוֺרִדֵם Psalm 55:24 etc.; Imperative masculine singular הִוֺרֵד Exodus 33:5 +2 times; suffix הוֺרִדֵהוּ Ezekiel 32:18; הוֺרִידֵמוֺ Psalm 59:12; feminine singular הוֺרִידִי Lamentations 2:18; masculine plural הוֺרִידוּ Genesis 43:7, 11; suffix הוֺרִדֻהוּ Genesis 44:21; Infinitive construct לְהוֺרִיד Genesis 37:25; suffix הוֺרִדִי Ezekiel 31:16; Participle מוֺרִיד 1 Samuel 2:6; מֹרִיד 2 Samuel 22:48; — cause to come or go down:

a. bring down (to Egypt), with accusative of person + שָׁ֫מָּה Genesis 39:1 (J); + הֵ֫נָּה Genesis 45:13 (E); + אֵלַי Genesis 44:21; absolute Genesis 43:7; with accusative of thing Genesis 43:11; + מִצְרַ֫יְמָה Genesis 37:25; absolute Genesis 43:22 (all J); from Canaan to desert Deuteronomy 1:25 (followed by אֵלֵינוּ); to (אֶל) Amalekites 1 Samuel 30:15 (twice in verse); absolute 1 Samuel 30:16; bring down (object person or thing) אָלהַֿמַּיִם Judges 7:4, 5; אֶלנַֿ֫חַל Deuteronomy 21:4; 1 Kings 18:40; יָ֫מָּה 1 Kings 5:23 [1 Kings 5:9]; to Gaza (עַזָּ֫תָה) Judges 16:21; from Jerusalem to Gihon, with עַל (Qr אֶל) 1 Kings 1:33; to valley of Jehoshaphat (אֶל) Joel 4:2 [Joel 3:2]; from (מִן) temple (to king's house) 2 Kings 11:19 2 Chronicles 23:20; from (מֵעַל) altar 1 Kings 1:53; from (מִן) upper chamber, followed by הַבַּ֫יְתָה 1 Kings 17:23; from (מִן) the heavens Amos 9:2; Edom, from (מִן) nest in rocks Jeremiah 49:16; Obadiah 4; compare of Israel כְּעוֺף הַשָּׁמַיִם Hosea 7:12; with accusative of limit (אֶרֶץ) Obadiah 3; bring down (from Babylon) into (בְּ) ships Isaiah 43:14 (see VB).

b. send down rain (הַגֶּשֶׁם) Ezekiel 34:26, compare Joel 2:23; = cause to flow down, object spittle, וַיּוֺרֶד רִירוֺ אֶלזְֿקָנוֺ 1 Samuel 21:14; tears הוֺרִידִי כַנַּחל דִּמְעָה Lamentations 2:18; water-streams וַיּוֺרֶד כַּנְּהָרוֺת מָ֑יִם Psalm 78:16.

c. = lay prostrate, prostrate עֻוֵּד מִמֵּךְ הוֹרִיד Amos 3:11 (where however We reads וְהוּרַד), compare Proverbs 21:22; וְאוֺרִיד כַּאבִּיר יוֺשְׁבִים Isaiah 10:13; of God's casting down peoples Psalm 56:8; Isaiah 63:6 (followed by לָאָרֶץ); מוֺרִיד עַמִּים תַּחְתֵּנוּ 2 Samuel 22:48 (וַּיַּדְבֵּר in || Psalm 18:48); so perhaps Babylonians, like lambs, לִטְבֿוֺחַ Jeremiah 51:40; so Psalm 59:12 (si vera lectio; וַהֲנִידֵמוֺ make them vagabonds, see Lag^{Proph. Chald. (1872), xlviii.} VB Hup Now Che Bae Dr ^{2 Samuel 15:20}).

d. bring down to She'ôl מֵמִית וּמְחַיֶּ֑ה מוֺרִיד שְׁאוֺל וַיָּ֑עַל׃ י׳ 1 Samuel 2:6; followed by שְׁא(וֺ)ל also 1 Kings 2:6, 9; followed by שְׁא֫וֺלָה (object grey hair) Genesis 42:38; Genesis 44:29, 31 (all J); compare Ezekiel 26:30; Ezekiel 31:16; Ezekiel 32:18; followed by לִבְאֵר שַׁחַת Psalm 55:24; לַשַּׁחַת Ezekiel 28:8.

2. take down (from cart) 1 Samuel 6:15; the sea from upon (מֵעַל) the brazen oxen 2 Kings 16:17; corpse from (מִן) tree Joshua 8:29, and (מֵעַל) Joshua 10:27 (both JE); the מִשְׁכָּן Numbers 1:51 (P); the פָּרֹכֶת Numbers 4:5 (P); take off ornaments מֵעָלֶיךָ Exodus 33:5 (JE).

3. let down וַתֹּ֫רֶד כַּדָּהּ עַליָֿדָהּ Genesis 24:18, so, with מֵעָלֶיהָ Genesis 24:46, to give one a drink; וַיּוֺרִדוּ אִישׁ אֶתאַֿמְתַּחְתוֺ אָ֑רְצָה Genesis 44:11 (all J); object person Joshua 2:18, בַּחֶבֶל בְּעַד הַחַלּוֺן Joshua 2:15 (both J E); בְּעַד הַחַלּוֺן 1 Samuel 19:12; compare also הוֺרִידוּ לָאָרֶץ ראֹשָׁן בְּתוּלֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַם Lamentations 2:10 the virgins of Jerusalem have bowed down their heads to the ground.

†Hoph. Perfect הוּרַד Genesis 39:1 + 2 times + 1 Samuel 30:34 Kt (Qr Qal Participle); וְהוּרַד consecutive Zechariah 10:11; 2nd person masculine singular וְהוּרַדְתָּ֫ Ezekiel 31:18; Imperfect 2nd person masculine singular תּוּרַד Isaiah 14:15; —

1. be brought down מִצְרַ֫יְמָה Genesis 39:1 (J); בַּמִּלְחָמָה 1 Samuel 30:24 Kt (see above); to She'ôl הוּרַד שְׁאוֺל גְּאוֺנֶ֖ךָ Isaiah 14:11 (of king of Babylon); אֶלשְֿׁאוֺל תּוּרַד אֶליַֿרְכְּתֵיבֿוֺר Isaiah 14:15; וְהוּרַדְתָּ֫ אֶלאֶֿרֶץ תַּחְתִּית Ezekiel 31:18; וְהוּרַד גְּאוֺן אַשּׁוּר Zechariah 10:11. — In Amos 3:11 We reads וְהוּרַד ממך (see Hiph. above).

2. be taken down, of the מִשְׁכָּן Numbers 10:17 (P).

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