Lexicon :: Strong's G5037 - te

τέ (as δέ comes from δή, μέν from μήν, so τέ from the adverb τῇ, properly, as; (others ally it with καί, cf. Curtius, §§ 27, 647; Vanicek, p. 95; Fick Part i., 32; Donaldson, New Crat. § 195)), a copulative enclitic particle (on the use of which cf. Hermann ad Vig., p. 833; Klotz ad Devar. II. 2, pp. 739ff); in the N. T. it occurs most frequently in the Acts, then in the Epistle to the Hebrews, somewhat rarely in the other books (in Matt. three or four times, in Mark once, viz. Mark 15:36 R G; in John's Gospel three times; nowhere in the Epistles to the Galatians, Thessalonians, or Colossians, nor in the Epistles of John and Peter; twice in text. Rec. of Revelation, viz. Revelation 1:2; Revelation 21:12); and, Latin que, differing from the particle καί in that the latter is conjunctive, τέ adjunctive (Winers Grammar, § 53, 2; according to Bäumlein (Griech. Partikeln, p. 145), καί introduces something new under the same aspect yet as an external addition, whereas τέ marks it as having an inner connection with what precedes; hence, καί is the more general particle, τέ the more special and precise; καί may often stand for τέ, but not τέ for καί. (Cf. Ebeling, Lex. Homer, under the word καί, at the beginning)).
1. τέ, standing alone (i. e. not followed by another τέ, or by καί, or other particle), joins
a. parts of one and the same sentence, as συναχθέντες συμβούλιον τέ λαβόντες, Matthew 28:12; ἐν ἀγάπη πνεύματι τέ πρᾳότητος, 1 Corinthians 4:21; add, Acts 2:33; Acts 10:22; Acts 11:26; Acts 20:11; Acts 23:10 (WH text omits), Acts 23:24; Acts 24:5; 27:20f; 28:23; Hebrews 1:3; Hebrews 6:5; Hebrews 9:1.
b. complete sentences: John 4:42; John 6:18; Acts 2:37; Acts 4:33; Acts 5:19, 35, 42; Acts 6:7, 12; Acts 8:3, 13, 25, 31; Acts 10:28, 33, 48 (here T Tr WH δέ (see 6 below)); Acts 11:21; 12:6,8 (L Tr WH Acts 12:8; (see 6 below)),Acts 12:12.; Acts 13:4; 15:4,39; 16:13,23 (WH text δέ; (see 6 below)),Acts 16:34; Acts 17:5 (R G),Acts 17:19 (Tr text WH δέ (see 6 below)),Acts 17:26; Acts 18:11 (R G),Acts 18:26; Acts 19:11,18,29; 20:3,7; 21:(Acts 21:18a Tdf.),Acts 21:18b,20 (not Lachmann),Acts 21:37; Acts 22:8; 23:5; 24:27; 27:5,8,17,29 (Tr marginal reading δέ (see 6 below)),Acts 27:43; Romans 2:19; Hebrews 12:2; introduces a sentence serving to illustrate the matter in hand, Acts 1:15; Acts 4:13.
2. τέ... καί, and τέ καί, not only... but also, as well... as, both... and; things are thus connected which are akin, or which are united to each other by some inner bond, whether logical or real; (according to Winers Grammar, 439 (408); Bäumlein as above, p. 224f, these particles give no intimation respecting the relative value of the two members; but according to Rost, Griech. Gram. § 134,4; Donaldson, Gr. Gram. § 551; Jelf, § 758; Klotz ad Devar. II. 2, p. 740, the member with καί is the more emphatic);
a. parts of one and the same sentence (which is completed by a single finite verb): ἐσθίειν τέ καί πίνειν, Luke 12:45; φόβητρά τέ καί σημεῖα, Luke 21:11: ἀρχιερεῖς τέ καί γραμματεῖς, Luke 22:66; πονηρούς τέ καί ἀγαθούς, Matthew 22:10; Ἡρῴδης τέ καί Πόντιος Πιλᾶτος, Acts 4:27; ἄνδρες τέ καί γυναῖκες, Acts 8:12; Acts 9:2; Acts 22:4; πάντῃ τέ καί πανταχοῦ, Acts 24:3; ἀσφαλῆ τέ καί βεβαίαν, Hebrews 6:19; add, Acts 1:1; Acts 2:9; Acts 9:29; Acts 14:1, 5; Acts 15:9; Acts 18:4; Acts 19:10, 17; Acts 20:21; Acts 21:12; Acts 26:22; Romans 1:12, 14, 16; Romans 3:9; Romans 10:12; 1 Corinthians 1:2 (R G),1 Corinthians 1:24,30; Hebrews 4:12^a Rec., 12^b; Hebrews 5:1 (here L omits; Tr WH brackets τέ), Hebrews 5:7,14; Hebrews 8:3; 9:9,19; 10:33; 11:32; James 3:7; τέ is annexed to the article, which is — either repeated after the καί before the following noun, Luke 2:16; Luke 23:12; John 2:15; Acts 5:24; Acts 8:38; Acts 17:10; Acts 18:5; Acts 21:25 (R G); Acts 26:30; — or (less commonly) omitted, Acts 1:13; Acts 13:1; (Acts 21:25 L T Tr WH); Romans 1:20. τέ is annexed to a preposition, which after the following καί is — either repeated, Acts 1:8 where L omits; Tr brackets the repeated ἐν; Philippians 1:7 (R omits; L brackets the second ἐν): — or omitted, Acts 10:39 (Tr text WH); Acts 25:23; 28:23. τέ is annexed to a relative pronoun, although it does not belong so much to the pronoun as to the substantive connected with it, Acts 26:22. it is annexed to an adverb, ἔτι τέ καί (and moreover), Acts 21:28. When more than two members are joined together, the first two are joined by τέ καί or τέ... καί, the rest by καί: Luke 12:45; Acts 1:13; Acts 5:24 (R G); Acts 21:25; 1 Corinthians 1:30; Hebrews 2:4.
b. τέ... καί connect whole sentences (each of which has its own finite verb, or its own subject): Acts 2:3f R G; Acts 16:26 R G; τέ... καί... καί, Acts 21:30.
3. τέ... δέ are so combined that τέ adds a sentence to what has been previously said, and δέ introduces something opposed to this added sentence (Winer's Grammar, 439 (409)): Acts 19:2 L T Tr WH; Acts 19:3 R G L Tr text WH text; Acts 22:28 R G.
4. τέ... τέ presents as parallel (or coordinate) the ideas or sentences which it connects, as... so (cf. kühner § 520; (Jelf, § 754, 3; Winers Grammar, § 53,4); on the Latin que... que cf. Herzog on Sallust, Cat. 9, 3): Acts 2:46; Acts 16:11f R G; Acts 17:4; 26:10 L T Tr WH text; Acts 26:16; Hebrews 6:2 (Tr brackets; WH text omits second τέ) (Wis. 7:13 Wis. 15:7); τέ καί τέ, Acts 9:15 (L T Tr WH); τέ καί... τέ... καί, Acts 26:20 (L T Tr WH). εἴτε... εἴτε, see εἰ, III. 15; ἐάν τέ... ἐάν τέ, see ἐάν, I. 3 e. μήτε... μήτε... τέ, neither... nor... and, Acts 27:20 (Xenophon, an. 4, 4, 6).
5. τέ γάρ (which began to be frequent from Aristotle down), Latin namque, etenim, for also, for indeed (Winer's Grammar, 448 (417)), are so used that the former particle connects, the latter gives the reason: Romans 1:26 (so that in Romans 1:27 we must read ὁμοίως δέ καί (with L Tr marginal reading), see in 6 below); Romans 7:7 (4 Macc. 5:22); τέ γάρ... καί, Hebrews 2:11; ἐάν τέ γάρ... ἐάν τέ, for whether... or (whether), Romans 14:8; ἐάν τέ γάρ καί, for although (Latin namque etiamsi), 2 Corinthians 10:8 (R G).
6. The reading often varies in manuscripts and editions between τέ and δέ; as, Matthew 23:6; Acts 3:10; Acts 4:14; Acts 8:1, 6; Acts 9:24; Acts 13:46; Jude 1:6, etc. (see in 1 b. above). In Romans 1:27, following Lachmann (Tr marginal reading), we ought certainly to read ὁμοίως δέ καί; cf. Fritzsche at the passage, p. 77; (Buttmann, 361 (309) n.).
7. As respects position (cf. Kühner, § 520 Anm. 5; Winer's Grammar, 559f (520)), τέ is properly annexed to that word or idea which is placed in parallelism with another (as Ἰουδαῖοι τέ καί Ἕλληνες); but writers also take considerable liberty in placing it, and readily subjoin it to an article or a preposition; for examples see in 2 a. above.

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